BIOGAS
Among the alternative renewable energy sources, biogas is one of the most used as its production starts from waste materials and therefore favors a circular economy. It is a gaseous biofuel, obtained from the fermentation of substances of organic origin (animal and vegetable) from agricultural waste, zootechnical or sewage waste, integration crops, organic fraction of urban waste from separate collection, etc.
The process is made possible by the action of microorganisms which, through anaerobic digestion, convert the residues into biogas, composed of 50-70% methane and a lower percentage of CO₂ and other components, and digestate, a material that can be used as a fertilizer in crops.
Biogas is one of the most widely used alternative sources for the production of renewable, thermal and electrical energy. In the context of the fight against climate change, biogas is considered as one of the main resources, since it can guarantee energy autonomy and the gradual reduction of the current state of air pollution and the greenhouse effect. The biogas industry, therefore, will increasingly play a decisive role in the energy transition, in the process towards decarbonization and in the "green and circular economy".
The main advantages of biogas are:
• Source of clean and renewable energy
• Generates electricity and heat
• It allows to obtain energy from waste products
• Can be transformed into biomethane
• Guarantees energy autonomy
• Enhance waste and by-products
• It contributes to favoring the transition to the circular economy
• Reduces emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere
• Reduces methane emissions that occur during the extraction and transportation of natural gas
